Drivers of tech-facilitated GBV in Mexico: A behavioural research study in Oaxaca and Estado of México

Technology-facilitated gender-based violence is a growing issue in Mexico. It affects young women disproportionately, especially in heterosexual relationships and in digital environments.

Oaxaca and the State of Mexico are regions with high prevalence of gender-based violence. These regions were chosen to explore how digital tools are used to exert control, surveillance, and harm against women.

This research report examines the behavioural motivators behind three forms of technology-facilitated gender-based violence: the non-consensual sharing of intimate content, digital monitoring, and the lack of digital security practices. The findings are based on surveys, interviews, and focus groups conducted with young adults aged 18 to 30.

Key findings 

• Understand behaviours to improve prevention: Technology is used to control, intimidate, and harm women. Prevention must address the root causes of this violence.
• Question social norms: Cultural norms justify male control and female submission. These norms support violent behaviours and must be challenged.
• Deconstruct gender stereotypes: Emotions like jealousy and control are seen as signs of love. This belief normalizes violence and discourages women from speaking out.
• Promote digital security practices: Most women lack access to clear information about digital safety. Training must be simple, accessible, and adapted to their needs.
• Increase access to knowledge and rights: Women must be informed about their digital rights. Information should be available in Spanish and indigenous languages.
• Address structural conditions: Violence is reinforced by poverty, inequality, and lack of education. These conditions must be improved to reduce vulnerability.
• Enable collective action: Governments, civil society, and communities must work together. Collective action is needed to prevent violence and promote safe digital spaces.